<b>Train Protection System (TPS)</b><br/>TPS technically support drivers and trains to remain within the Movement Authority. That is, preventing a train from accidentally reaching a protected location, and/or overspeeding.<br/><i>Note 1</i>: Train Protection Systems are often referred to as Automatic Train Protection System but "ATP" is a specific system in the UK. Moreover, warning systems such as detonators protect trains but aren't considered ATP. Hence the choice for the neutral term TPS.<br/><i>Note 2</i>: Line-side actions from devices trigger an on-board reaction that ranges from warning the driver to triggering an emergency break. The kind of functional reaction is not within scope of EULYNX DP. <br/><br/><b>TP devices implement a TPS also known as Information Point</b><br/>A group of one or more TP devices implement a TP data transmission system. Such a system is often called information point. <br/><ul>
<li>it-IT: Punti Informativi (PI).</li><li>fr-FR: Point d'Information.</li><li>de-DE: Datenpunkt.</li></ul>
<br/>The TP system and devices can be located as spot or linear locations and can have a given length and extension direction.<br/><br/><b>Controlled vs. not-controlled devices</b><br/>A controlled TP device can be<br/><ul>
<li>A device switched by a controller, i.e. an interlocking or field element controller.</li><li>A permanent TP device that sends static messages to the train and reports back to a controller (e.g. proving or health status).</li></ul>
<br/>A not-controlled TP device can be<br/><ul>
<li>A device that is switched by a signal or section vacancy. Indirect control via a signal doesn't qualify; the device  "hides" behind the signal.</li><li>A permanent TP device that sends a static message to the train but doesn't report back to a controller (e.g.  "ATB inschakelsectie").</li></ul>
<br/><b>Train Protection areas</b><br/>Areas of the rail network can be associated with one or more TP technologies. TP areas inform about transitions between TP technology or visualise areas with a given TP where trains must be equipped with an appropriate on-board unit.<br/><br/><b>Speed checking</b><br/>Speed checking sections measure train speed. When the train overspeeds and reaches the section exit before a timer expires, the TPS will intervene. The speed checking section has a given length and is typically placed at a given distance ahead of the critical infrastructure protected by TPS.<br/><br/><b>Properties</b><br/><ul>
<li>TP devices can transmit (non-vital) signalling information about track conditions ahead.</li><li>RF balises can transmit substantial messages and information about track ahead. Balises can be associated with a function and reason for which they've been placed.</li><li>The TPS can be suppressed for a given route path and direction.</li></ul>
<ul>
<li>A detonator warns the driver by setting of an audible signal when the train passes inadvertently.</li></ul>
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<li>Frequencies (in Hz) are given if needed. High frequencies indicate Radio Frequency (RF, e.g. Eurobalise). Lower frequencies are referred to as inductive or magnets. Permanent magnets have zero frequency. Such properties are typically very specific to the system so they are delegated to the national domain, for example PZB.</li></ul><p/>